چکیده (انگلیسی):

This qualitative multiple case study explored the instructional leadership behaviors of principals of
three `Level 5' schools of excellence for improvement in Arkansas. The schools selected consisted of a
high percentage of low-socioeconomic students, dierent geographical locations, and a large population
of students. The ndings concluded that the principals' behaviors were aligned with Hoy and Hoy's
(2006) theoretical framework. Although the principals' behaviors were prevalent in all three schools, the
behaviors were diverse. The cross analysis of the schools conrmed by the principals and teachers that
the culture of the school was one of teamwork. Thus, the study oers a description of the principals'
instructional leadership behaviors in three schools rated by the Arkansas Department of Education in
2009 as Level Five schools of Excellence for Improvement.