چکیده (انگلیسی):

Reference, which is one aspect of cohesion, may affect or enhance cohesiveness in its behaviour in translation. This
study is an investigation of the behaviour of reference in translating from Arabic into English and French. The texts
which are used as corpuses are literary texts whose findings are expected to be reflexive to other genres. The study
reveals that reference, in translation depends often on certain language peculiarities; it is seldom depends on the
translator’s choices. It is found that English is more cohesive in translation than Arabic and French due to some of its
peculiarities. Although the Arabic language and the French languages have different peculiarities, they are found to
have more in common as far as translating reference is concerned. The translators’ familiarity with the language
peculiarities would make them avoid pitfalls and handle reference perfectly, which enhances more translation in terms
of meaning, cohesiveness, and coherence. It is observed that the translators’ unfamiliarity with the languages
peculiarities may affect reference in terms of meaning, cohesiveness, and coherence. It can, therefore, create
translations in thatreference is often found to be determined by language peculiarities.