چکیده (انگلیسی):

Anthocyanin-containing cells from blue petals of flowers of Saintpaulia ionantha Wendl have been considered as models for the fluorescent analysis (by luminescence microscopy including confocal microscopy technique) in the indication damages arisen under the action of various ozone concentrations. Laser-scanning confocal microscopy permitted to observe the changes in images of autofluorescence and the fluorescence spectra of individual cells of petal and multicellular secretory hairs. First alterations were fixed in the emission spectra of some petal cells just after 2.5 h -exposure in O3 (total dose 0.005 μl/l) – missing of maxima 620-630, 640-650 and 665 nm, peculiar to anthocyanins. Although at the ozone concentrations 0.005 μl/l under luminescence microscope any changes in the fluorescence images were not seen yet. Acute experiments during 25 h-50 h-exposures with O3 (doses 0.05 -0.1 μl/l) led to changes both in common fluorescence images (quenching of the emission in main cells of the petal surface and stalks of the secretory hair) and in the spectral position of maxima at region 620 - 660 nm, peculiar to anthocyanins, that disappeared in main petal cells. The chlorophyll maximum 675-680 nm has seen up to 25 h of the exposure, and disappeared to 50 h of the ozonation. In the secretory hairs, similar picture was registered in some cells of stalk, whereas head of the trichome differencing from main cells fluoresced with maximum 480-500 nm, and here additional emission in yellow-orange region have also seen. Experiments with individual phenols and chlorophyll treated with ozone showed that only anthocyanins in vacuole and chlorophyll in chloroplasts are targets of O3 even in smallest concentrations. The sensitive cells of flowers have been recommended as possible ozone bioindicators both outdoors and indoors.