چکیده (انگلیسی):

Mobile ad hoc network security is a new area for research that it has been faced many difficulties to
implement. These difficulties are due to the absence of central authentication server, the dynamically
movement of the nodes (mobility), limited capacity of the wireless medium and the various types of
vulnerability attacks. All these factor combine to make mobile ad hoc a great challenge to the researcher.
Mobile ad hoc has been used in different applications networks range from military operations and
emergency disaster relief to community networking and interaction among meeting attendees or students
during a lecture. In these and other ad hoc networking applications, security in the routing protocol is
necessary to protect against malicious attacks as well as in data transmission. The goal of mobile ad hoc
security is to safeguard the nodes’ operation and ensure the availability of communication in spite of adversary
nodes. The node operations can be divided into two phases. The first phase is to discover the route (s) path.
The second phase is to forward the data on the available discovered routes. Both stages need to protect from
attacks; so many protocols have been proposed to secure the routing and data forwarding. This is a review
study to mobile ad hoc protocols for securing routing as well as protocols for securing packets forwarding.
Furthermore, it will present the characteristics and the limitations for each protocol and attributes.