چکیده (انگلیسی):

The present study deals with the development of transferosomal gel containing insulin by
reverse phase evaporation method for painless insulin delivery for use in the treatment of insulin
dependent diabetes mellitus. The effect of independent process variables like ratio of lipids (soya
lecithin:cholesterol), ratio of lipids and surfactants, and ratio of surfactants (Tween 80:sodium
deoxycholate) on the in vitro permeation flux (lg/cm2/h) of formulated transferosomal gels containing
insulin through porcine ear skin was optimized using 23 factorial design. The optimal permeation
flux was achieved as 13.50± 0.22 lg/cm2/h with drug entrapment efficiency of 56.55 ±
0.37% and average vesicle diameter range, 625–815 nm. The in vitro insulin permeation through
porcine ear skin from these transferosomal gel followed zero-order kinetics (R2= 0.9232–0.9989)
over a period of 24 h with case-II transport mechanism. The in vitro skin permeation of insulin from
optimized transferosomal gel by iontophoretic influence (with 0.5 mA/cm2 current supply) also
provided further enhancement of permeation flux to 17.60 ± 0.03 lg/cm2/h. The in vivo study of
optimized transferosomal gel in alloxan-induced diabetic rat has demonstrated prolonged hypoglycemic
effect in diabetic rats over 24 h after transdermal administration.