چکیده (انگلیسی):

Background/Objective: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is one of the most
common and distressing adverse events after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). A meta-analysis
of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) was performed to determine the efficacy and safety of dexamethasone
combined with other antiemetic in the prevention of PONV in patients undergoing LC.
Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted to identify all relevant RCTs. The primary
outcome was PONV in the early period (0e3 hours, 0e4 hours, or 0e6 hours), late period
(>6 hours), and the overall period (0e24 hours).
Results: Nine RCTs with a total of 1089 patients were included in the analysis. Pooled analysis
showed that dexamethasone combined with other antiemetics provided significantly better prophylaxis
than single antiemetics in the early period [odds ratio (OR): 0.34; 95% confidence interval
(CI): 0.21e0.55; p < 0.001], late period (OR: 0.35; 95% CI: 0.22e0.57; p < 0.001), and the overall
period (OR: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.27e0.49; p < 0.001). Correspondingly, rescue antiemetic usage was
significantly less in the combination therapy group (OR: 0.22; 95% CI: 0.12e0.41; p < 0.001).
The most frequently reported adverse events were headache, dizziness, and itching. The incidence
of adverse events did not differ between the two groups.
Conclusion: Dexamethasone combined with other antiemetics was significantly better than single
antiemetics for prophylaxis of PONV in patients undergoing LC, without apparent side effects.