چکیده (انگلیسی):

In Burkina Faso, as in most Sahelian countries, the failure to follow good agricultural practices
coupled with poor soil and climate conditions in the locust control context lead to
high environmental contaminations with pesticide residues. Thus, consumers being orally
exposed to a combination of multiple pesticide residues through food and water intake,
the digestive tract is a tissue susceptible to be directly exposed to these food contaminants.
The aim of our work was to compare in vitro the impact of five desert locust control
pesticides (Deltamethrin DTM, Fenitrothion FNT, Fipronil FPN, Lambda-cyalothrine LCT,
and Teflubenzuron TBZ) alone and in combination on the human intestinal Caco-2 cells
viability and function. Cells were exposed to 0.1–100 M pesticides for 10 days alone or
in mixture (MIX). Our results showed a cytotoxic effect of DTM, FNT, FPN, LCT, and TBZ
alone or in combination in human intestinal Caco-2 cells. The most efficient were shown
to be FPN and FNT impacting the cell layer integrity and/or barrier function, ALP activity,
antioxidant enzyme activity, lipid peroxidation, Akt activation, and apoptosis. The presence
of antioxidant reduced lipid peroxidation level and attenuated the pesticides-induced
cell toxicity, suggesting that key mechanism of pesticides cytotoxicity may be linked to
their pro-oxidative potential. A comparative analysis with the predicted cytotoxic effect
of pesticides mixture using mathematical modeling shown that the combination of these
pesticides led to synergistic effects rather than to a simple independent or dose addition
effect.