چکیده (انگلیسی):

The main purpose of this research is to identify the effects of various modes of formal school culture and
student’s learning styles with academic achievement. The sample consists of 234 students from five secondary
schools in Pontian, Johor. The sampling has been done using the cluster on cluster random sampling method.
The pilot study was done in order to determine the reliability and suitability of the questionnaires. Meanwhile
Cronbach Alpha was used to determine the internal consistency of the questionnaires. The reliability value of
Cronbach Alpha for the whole set of questionnaires used was 0.953. The questionnaire for formal school culture
was adapted and modified from climate or culture in formal school form constructed by Curriculum
Development Centre (1988). The questionnaire for student’s learning styles was adapted and modified from
Barbe Modality Index questionnaire that was created by Barbe (1985). Descriptive statistics sush as frequency,
mean and standard deviation were used to analyse the dominant aspects of formal school culture and student’s
learning styles and to analyse student’s academic achievement. The inferential statistics such as Pearson
correlations were used at significant level 0.05 to analyze the relationship between formal school culture and
student’s learning styles with academic achievement. In addition, t-test was used to analyze the difference
between formal school culture and student’s learning styles toward school location. The findings shows that the
dominant aspect of formal school culture was social and the dominant aspect of students’ learning style was
visual. Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was significant relationship between formal school
cultures with academic achievement. Moreover, there was significant relationship between student’s learning
style with academic achievement. Therefore, suggestions were made in this study. The study suggested that
teacher and student should identify formal school culture and student’s learning styles, so that, student can
increase their academic performance.