چکیده (انگلیسی):

Background:The health of doctors who work in primary care is threatened by workforce and workload issues.
There is a need to find and appraise ways in which to protect their mental health, including how to achieve the
broader, positive outcome of well-being. Our primary outcome was to evaluate systematically the research
evidence regarding the effectiveness of interventions designed to improve General Practitioner (GP) well-being
across two continua; psychopathology (mental ill-health focus) and‘languishing to flourishing’ (positive mental
health focus). In addition we explored the extent to which developments in well-being research may be integrated
within existing approaches to design an intervention that will promote mental health and prevent mental illness
among these doctors.
Methods:Medline, Embase, Cinahl, PsychINFO, Cochrane Register of Trials and Web of Science were searched from
inception to January 2015 for studies where General Practitioners and synonyms were the primary participants. Eligible
interventions included mental ill-health prevention strategies (e.g. promotion of early help-seeking) and mental health
promotion programmes (e.g. targeting the development of protective factors at individual and organizational levels).
A control group was the minimum design requirement for study inclusion and primary outcomes had to be assessed
by validated measures of well-being or mental ill-health. Titles and abstracts were assessed independently by two
reviewers with 99 % agreement and full papers were appraised critically using validated tools.
Results:Only four studies (with a total of 997 GPs) from 5392 titles met inclusion criteria. The studies reported
statistically significant improvement in self-reported mental ill-health. Two interventions used cognitive-behavioural
techniques, one was mindfulness-based and one fed-back GHQ scores and self-help information.
Conclusion:There is an urgent need for high quality, controlled studies in GP well-being. Research on improving GP
well-being is limited by focusing mainly on stressors and not giving systematic attention to the development of
positive mental health.