چکیده (انگلیسی):

Somatic chromosome study from root tip cells using the squash technique of the cytological
method and seed protein profile of 5 varieties of Lens culinaris (Lentil) through SDS–PAGE
were investigated. Karyotype analysis showed gross uniformity in morphology. Somatic chromosome
number 2n=14 is constant for all the varieties. Chromosomes are mostly long to medium
in length with secondary constrictions in one pair of chromosome. Primary constrictions in chromosome
ranged from nearly median to nearly submedian in most of the cases. Notwithstanding
the gross homogeneity, karyotype analysis revealed minute differences in details. Each lentil variety
is thus characterized by its own karyotype, serving as one of the identifying criteria. The seed protein
profile revealed that varieties are very close to each other with respect to similarity index that
ranged from 0.594 to 0.690. With regard to seed protein banding patterns, slight polymorphism
(14.285%) indicating low genetic diversity has been identified among the 5 varieties. A dendrogram
indicates one variety is plesiomorphic and rest varieties are apomorphic. All the experimental varieties
of lentil studied here show low genetic diversity due to their similar genetic base, indigenous
genetic resources and conservative nature of the seed protein.

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