چکیده (انگلیسی):

Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases affecting at least 50 million
people worldwide. Valproic acid (VPA) is a widely used antiepileptic medication for both
generalized and partial seizures of epilepsy. The objective of the study was to investigate
the anti-mutagenic and anti-histopathologic effects of royal jelly (RJ) on VPA-induced
genotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in male albino mice (Mus musculus). 80 Mice were used
for 21 days; they were divided into eight groups, (G1) served as normal control group, G2
received VPA (100 mg/kg) and (G3eG5) received RJ at doses 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg respectively.
While (G6eG8) were administrated RJ simultaneously with VPA. In RJ treatedmice at
doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg, the kidney sections showed normal histological structure with
non significant changes in chromosomal aberrations (CA) and mitotic index (MI), while RJ
at dose of 200 mg/kg showed mild inflammatory cells infiltration and hyperemic glomeruli
but not highly significant changes in CA and MI. The cortex of VPA treated mice revealed
congested glomeruli with inflammatory cells infiltration, and marked degeneration of
almost structures of the glomeruli including some vacuoles in mesangial cells with dark
mesangial substances on the ultrastructure level. Some proximal tubules showed degeneration
of microvilli on the apical parts of some cells. Cells of the distal tubules attained
obliterated lumen and vacuolated lining epithelium. The results also revealed that valproic
acid induced a high frequency of CA in bone marrow cells of mice and MI was significantly
decreased indicating bone marrow cytotoxicity. The treatment of mice with RJ at doses 50,
100 and 200 mg/kg for 21 days simultaneously with VPA resulted in abating the histological
alterations in renal tissues with significant reduction in chromosomal aberrations, for
doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg, and elevation in mitotic index (P < 0.05). RJ at doses 50 and
100 mg/kg appeared more potent in exerting the ameliorative effect.