چکیده (انگلیسی):

Taenia solium is found throughout sub-Saharan Africa and co-endemicwith schistosomiasis inmany
regions. Taenia solium leads to taeniosis and neurocysticercosis - the leading cause of preventable epilepsy
globally. This study aimed to assess the effects of the National Schistosomiasis Control Programme
on prevalence of taeniosis and porcine cysticercosis over a four year period in Tanzania.
School-based mass drug administration (MDA) of praziquantel was carried out based on schistosomiasis
endemicity. Four human and five porcine cross-sectional surveys were carried out from 2012
to 2015 in Mbozi and Mbeya district in Tanzania. Three rounds of school-basedMDA of praziquantel
were delivered inMbozi and two in Mbeya. The prevalence of taeniosis and porcine cysticercosiswas
estimated annually. Stool sampleswere collected from humans and prevalence of taeniosis estimated
by copro-Ag-ELISA. Blood samples from pigs were collected to estimate cysticercosis prevalence
by Ag-ELISA. “Track-and-treat” of taeniosis cases was carried out after each survey. In total 12082
stool samples and 4579 porcine serum samples were collected. Significantly fewer children (≤15)
from Mboziwere infected throughout the study than children fromMbeya who showed a significant
decrease in copro-Ag prevalence after the first treatment only. During the final survey in Mbozi the
prevalence of taeniosis in adults (1.8%) was significantly lower (p = 0.031, OR 0.40, CI: 0.17–0.89),
compared to baseline (4.1%). The prevalence of porcine cysticercosis (8%) had also dropped significantly
(p= 0.002,OR 0.49, CI: 0.32–0.76) in this district compared to baseline (13%),whereas no significant
differencewas seen inMbeya compared to baseline. The study suggests that three rounds of
MDA targeting schistosomiasis in school-aged children combined with ‘track-and-treat’ contributed
to a reduction in prevalence of T. solium in this population, and also had a spillover effect on adults in
treated areas as well as reducing the prevalence of T. solium in the intermediate pig host population.
Elimination of T. solium in this area would require a One Health approach.
© 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of World Federation of Parasitologists.
This is an open access article under the CC BY license
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).