چکیده (انگلیسی):

Organ transplant recipients under immunosuppressive therapy have a highly
increased risk of acquiring unusual opportunistic infections. Diagnosis of the etiology of infection
may be difficult in clinical manifestations, which need further histological and biological
investigations. We recently treated a male renal transplant recipient with a cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis
due to Alternaria species. The diagnosis was based on microscopy and culture of
the skin lesions. Treatment with oral itraconazole for 5 weeks was ineffective, then clinical
improvement was achieved by combination of amphotericin B wet-packing and systemic antifungal
therapy with oral voriconazole. Alternaria species are ubiquitous plant-inhabiting saprobes,
which are increasingly associated with opportunistic phaeohyphomycosis in
immunocompromised individuals. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second case report
noting sporotrichoid pattern as the manifestation of cutaneous alternariosis. In this context,
we reviewed recent renal-transplant-related cutaneous alternariosis reported in the Englishlanguage
literature during 1995 to 2011 to summarize its clinical features and outcomes,
and to guide clinicians in the care of kidney transplant patients with cutaneous alternariosis